Study of earth?s constituents is called geology .The constituents can be solid or liquid. The constituents are studied for their composition, structure and their properties like physical appearance and process of formation. Geology is multidisciplinary but sometimes geophysics is mixed with geology .Geo physics deals with principles of physics and mathematics to study the earth?s internal composition.

Nature of Work

Exploration, survey, research

Job of geologist is very competitive most of the work is on remote sites that is outdoors like mountains, deserts, glaciers etc as they tend to hold the key evidences about earth?s history. They carry out surveys and collect samples for testing .Some geologist are even associated with government departments so as to protect earth from deadly gases and waste materials

Specialization - Geology is multidisciplinary the various streams are as follows

Marine geologists

They study marine environment i.e. seas with the help of remote sensing for some old rocks and vegetations and also about the effects on sea and atmosphere.

Petroleum geologists

They conduct explorations for new oil and gas fields both onshore and offshore activity? .All types of survey like geophysical and seismic surveys are carried our before drilling

Mineralogists

They have same work as of petroleum but highly related to chemistry.
They identify useful mineral in rocks and sea beds. They are highly employed in Industries as they need minerals.

Geohydrologists

They find and asses sources of water and also find threats which can pollute the water.

Hydrologists

They study underground sources of water and all related parameters to it like infiltration and pollution threats.

Paleontologists

They work with fossils that is dead remain of creatures and plants .They estimate their ages and try to find how the earth was at that time and what lead to their deaths

Seismologists

They work with movement of Earths tectonic plates, which causes earthquakes.

Surveyors

They work with collecting data about land and sea and maintain a database and keep monitoring the changes in data with past and present values

Work Environment

A geologist can work in laboratory of field depends on the area of specialization. They need to spend a lot of time outdoors and travel to unmanly places like
Glaciers, volcanoes and under seas

Personal Characteristics

Waste materials ?They need to analytical ability and they should be good observers .Investigation should be their strength. Their statistical calculation should be good as they have to work with lots of data

Employment Avenues

With government

Geological Survey of India and the Central Ground Water Board conduct exam for admission (UPSC).

Scheme of Examination - Part 1 - Written examination

General English???????????????????? 2 hrs.??????? 100 Marks
Geology Paper 1??????????????????? 3 hrs.??????? 200 Marks
Geology Paper II??????????????????? 3 hrs.??????? 200 Marks
Geology Paper III?????????????????? 3 hrs.??????? 200 Marks
Hydro geology?????????????????????? 3 hrs.??????? 200 Marks

Part 2- Interview for personality test carrying a maximum of 200 marks.

Geology can be studied after XII (PCM). Specialized courses are offered by Indian Institute of Technology at Kharagpur. After XII (with PCM) IIT Kharagpur admits students through JEE to 5 year Integrated programme